Vol 54, No 4 (2022)
INTEGRAL TRANSPORTS IN AGRICULTURE pag. 3-9
Dinko Brčić, Luka Šumanovac, Domagoj ZimmerThe topic of this paper is the analysis and comparison of different transport systems in agriculture, which together form one unit, namely integral transport systems. In addition to all existing transport systems, emphasis is placed on the two most represented and important systems of integral transport of agricultural and food goods, namely the transport of perishable foodstuffs by road (cold chain) and ship transport of agricultural and food products, and the most important transport routes of the world and the European Union with an emphasis on the Republic of Croatia. The transport of perishable foods by road is carried out by specialized trucks, and the globalization of the market requires more efficient distribution, especially for products that require controlled temperature regimes. The flow of products in the cold chain is reduced to three basic factors, namely storage, transport and market space. The most important function of the cold chain is to deliver the product to the final customer without damaging the product in any way. Ship transport of agricultural and food products is of great importance due to the large volume of the ship (ship transport of bulk cargo - grain), where large quantities of bulk cargo or grain are safely delivered to the final destination - ports and silos. For these two most represented and most important systems of integral transport, transport routes are of crucial importance, and for the world, that is, the European Union, they are the trans-European transport network (TEN – T) and international corridors in water transport.
more abstractintegral transport, transport systems, routes, requirements
Presentation: poster
DownloadACQUISITION AND PROCESSING OF DATA USING GEOMATIC METHODS FOR OBTAINING THE PERMIT TO EXPLOITATION MINERAL RESOURCES IN THE CICIR HALTA PERIMETER, ARAD, ROMANIA pag. 10-18
Cret Bianca Maria, Vuscan Anda Madalina, Popescu George, Dragomir Lucian OctavianThe importance and purpose of the study are to highlight the presence of geomatics technology in mining engineering works. Based on the research and studies carried out to obtain the extension of the mining license for the mineral aggregates and existing sand and gravel deposits in the Cicir Halta area, Arad county, the UAV technology in combination with the classic measurement technology, respectively GNSS, data acquisition and processing had. the time factor by the requirements imposed by the entity issuing the notice. The results obtained with the help of UAV technology are orthophoto planes, digital elevation models, or 3D models, which can be easily processed with dedicated software. For example, after the orthophoto maps was imported into AutoCAD, the perimeters of the studied area could be easily vectorized in detail. Once the vectorization of the aggregate quarry was completed, the final plan was obtained, following which the necessary documentation was drawn up to obtain the permit for the exploitation of the sand and gravel resources in the studied perimeter. The necessary documentation has been drawn up regarding the ability to carry out mineral resources exploitation works: useful rocks, through topography and geology works. UAV technology in combination with GNSS technology is the evolutionary step in obtaining precision measurements with a working speed.
more abstractUAV, GNSS, mining engineering, 3D models
Presentation: oral presentation
DownloadEXAMINATION OF LONG TIME SERIES DATA OF GROUNDWATER LEVEL CHANGES IN THE HÁRMAS-KÖRÖS SUB-CATCHMENT AREA pag. 19-25
Erzsébet, Csengeri, Ildikó, Szalókiné Zima, Béla, GomboNowadays, agricultural production is highly exposed to the increasingly frequent extreme environmental events (drought, alternating inland water). In Hungary, the South Alföld Region is the driest area in the country. In 2022, 200 millimeters of precipitation fell in this area instead of the average annual precipitation of 500-550 millimeters, which results in a precipitation deficit of 300-350 millimeters. Adapting to such extremes means technical and financial difficulties for farmers. An accurate knowledge of forecasting systems (meteorological forecasts) and local natural systems (topography, soil properties, groundwater properties, vegetation cover) would make adaptation easier. The long-term, seasonal changes in the groundwater level we can be said to be constant, but if we take some examination, we can determine that this is not the case. It is difficult to identify the causes of fluctuations only by observing short-term water level records. The long-term groundwater-level records in the Hármas-Körös Sub-catchment area, were thoroughly analysed along with the results from the cumulative rainfall, and knowing the prevailing soil type. With our analysis, we assess the trends of the groundwater level (by examining the water levels of eight groundwater monitoring wells) and expected changes by examining the twenty-year monthly average data series of the sub-catchment area.
more abstractgroundwater-level , groundwater monitoring wells
Presentation: poster
DownloadSTUDIES ON THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF SOILS FROM THE LOCATION OF GELU pag. 26-30
Delia Sorina DRĂGOI, Daniel LUCA, Casiana MIHUȚ, Anișoara DUMA-COPCEAThe purpose of the paper is a case study of a private farm in the town of Gelu, Timiș county. The objectives considered in carrying out this work were the following: characterization of the studied area from the point of view of natural conditions; identifying the type of soil, studying the influence of environmental factors on the formation and evolution of soils; the study of the soils within the farm, respectively the typical chernoziom and the solonets, the description of the two types of soil from the point of view of properties and fertility. The town of Gelu is part of the Variaș commune, next to the town of Sânpetru Mic and is located in the northwest of Timiș county, at a distance of 45 km from the Municipality of Timișoara. The studied materials refer to the soil resources of a privately owned farm in the town of Gelu. When describing the soils identified within the farm, both data collected from the field and data taken from OSPA Timișoara and Variaș City Hall were used. The total area of the Variaș commune is 10369.51 ha, of which the extravillage of Gelu is 2641.07 ha. Regarding the two types of soil identified, the situation is as follows: The typical chernozem, weakly glazed, has a medium texture and a glomerular structure in the surface (Am), has good aeration and good permeability for water and air, as and a good capacity to retain useful water and a lower resistance to soil works, which gives it the highest productive potential and the weakly salinized Soloneță presents a series of soluble salts at a shallow depth which determined the appearance of salinization phenomena, something that severely limits soil fertility and the variety of crops on this type of soil. It appears only in islands, on small surfaces, on forms of microrelief and nanorelief, where the leaching process is more pronounced, being included in the fifth fertility class and occupied only by rare meadows of low productivity.
more abstractsustainable use, agricultural land, soil resources, chernozem, solonets
Presentation: poster
DownloadNON-INVASIVE CHLOROPHYLL INVESTIGATION ON ORNAMENTAL PLANTS FROM URBAN HABITATS pag. 31-36
Victor-Dimitrie DRĂGUCIAN, Alexandra-Samira LĂPĂDAT, Daniela-Georgiana CIOBANU, Nicoleta IANOVICI, Adina-Daniela DATCUThis paper aim is to present data from an experiment realized during the summer of 2022, on four ornamental species in the city of Timisoara. The data were taken from two urban habitats: urban and urban green. The investigated species were Acer negundo, Acer platanoides, Liquidambar styraciflua and Cotinus coggygria. These plant species are frequent on the roadsides or in parks, in the studied areas. The investigated index was chlorophyll content. This parameter was analyzed using a non-invasive approach, using OPTI-SCIENCES CCM-300 Chlorophyll Content Meter and the results were presented in mg m-2. Data processing was done using Microsoft Office Excel 2016 and statistical analysis was realized using PAST software v4.03. A total of 480 chlorophyll content samples were taken from all the species researched. Readings were taken from multiple types of leaves, from both those that appeared healthy and those that showed signs of chlorosis, from both research areas. It is a known fact that chlorosis is one of the signs that a leaf is not healthy, probably due to a physiological deficiency. This affection is mainly present in areas with a higher level of traffic such as urban areas. A symptom that can help identify the infected leaves was the appearance of small yellow spots that can spread over the entire surface of the leaf. From the collected data, a lack of chlorophyll was noticed within both investigated zones, but mainly in the urban area, where the levels of exhaust gas are higher compared to the ones in the urban green areas, which is in general a park. Thus, after the completion of Welch F test, it was observed that in urban area the level of chlorophyll was significantly reduced, when compared to the level from the urban green zone.
more abstracturban zone, chlorophyll content, urban green, adaptation, physiological indices
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION AND INTERNATIONALIZATION IN HAITI AND THE CARRIBEAN AREA pag. 37-42
F. GUYVENCHY 1, Laura ȘMULEAC1, R. PAȘCALĂU1Education is important because it helps individuals acquire the knowledge, skills, and values they need to lead productive and fulfilling lives. It also plays a crucial role in the development of a country by providing a skilled workforce and informed citizenry. Internationalization, on the other hand, is important because it helps prepare individuals to function in a globalized world and fosters mutual understanding and cooperation between different cultures. Together, education and internationalization can help to promote economic and social development, reduce poverty, and create a more peaceful and just world. Education and internationalization are important for Haiti and other countries in the Caribbean region for several reasons. First, education is crucial for economic development. A well-educated workforce is more productive and can attract foreign investment. Education also helps to reduce poverty and inequality by providing individuals with the skills and knowledge they need to access better-paying jobs. Second, internationalization can help to improve education by exposing students and teachers to different cultures, languages, and teaching methods. This can lead to a more diverse and globally minded workforce, which can be beneficial for businesses and organizations that operate internationally. Lastly, Internationalization is also important for Haiti and other Caribbean countries because it can help to promote economic growth and social development through trade, investment, and tourism. It also contributes to greater cultural exchange and understanding, which can foster peace and stability in the region.
more abstracteducation, internationalization, Caribbean, importance, studies, Haiti
Presentation: poster
DownloadASSESING THE GERMINATION PROPERTIES OF TWENTY-SEVEN TRITICUM AESTIVUM VARIETIES WITH TWO DIFFERENT METHODS pag. 43-49
Denisa Cristiana HETEA1, Ș. L. BĂTRÎNA1, F. IMBREA1Seed germination is one of the most important factors determining the crop production and its quality. Seed testing has been developed to aid agriculture to avoid some of the hazards of crop quality and production by furnishing the needed information about different quality attributes as purity, moisture, capacity of germination, vigorously and health. The importance of seed testing was realized more than one hundred years ago. This study reflects the results obtained in the research Laboratory for seed quality control at the University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, using the standard methods based on a selection of twenty-seven wheat varieties from Agricultural Research and Development Station Lovrin regarding germinative energy and capacity of germination in optimal conditions of temperature, humidity and light. Seed germination was determined using two approved Standard ISTA methods (SR 1634-the standard which establishes the maximum germination potential of seeds), the first one using the Jacobsen germinating apparatus and the second one with the seed germination cabinet. The determinations were made in four sets of 1000 seeds each and the results were obtained by calculating the mean value. The differences of values between the two methods, occur due to the fact that the filter paper used in the Jacobsen germinator was too thin, this leading to a higher percent of abnormal germs
more abstractgermination, seed testing, wheat, abiotic stress, ISTA
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE IMPORTANCE AND CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER pag. 50-55
Aurelia Roxana JIGĂU1, F. IMBREA1, R. PAȘCALĂU1Lavender, a precious medicinal plant, widely used in herbal medicine and aromatherapy. True lavender and lavandin are widely cultivated, the first for perfumery, the second for industry because of its slightly less delicate and more camphor perfume. Fine lavender offers a very good quality essential oil. The active ingredients of lavender Relatively different in terms of chemical composition (fine lavender essential oil contains no less than 300 components), each of these 3 lavenders has specific properties: Fine lavender EO consists mainly of linalool (a monoterpene) and linalyl acetate, which gives it antibacterial and antiviral properties. It is also antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, healing, anxiolytic, sedative and insecticide. Aspic lavender EO contains linalool, camphor and cineole. It is antitoxic, antiviral, immune system stimulating, fungicidal and analgesic. Lavandin EO is rich in linalool and linalyl acetate, with some camphor and cineole. Very effective antispasmodic, it is also a muscle relaxant, anti-inflammatory, healing and relaxing with sedative effects. Butterfly lavender EO is composed of 1,8-cineole and fenchone. It therefore displays antibacterial and antifungal properties against many pathogens. It also has recognized antioxidant effects. Like fine lavender, it shows significant anxiolytic effects. The cineole and camphor it contains also make it insecticidal. It is also anti-convulsant and has major positive effects on human health and care.
more abstractlavender, herbal medicine, aromatherapy, cultivation
Presentation: poster
DownloadRETROSPECTIVE STUDY ABOUT SOYBEAN( GLYCINE MAX )CULTIVATION IN THE ACTUAL CLIMATE CONTEXT pag. 56-60
R. JURCUȚ, F. IMBREAConsidering the fact that the world's population shows an upward trajectory from one year to another, the need to ensure security at the global level by supplementing the production of agricultural crops has become a primary objective. Thus, in order to ensure the intake of proteins necessary for human consumption but also to meet the needs of the large paint-producing industries as well as livestock farms, soybean culture represents the conventional option for this demand, which is why in recent years this plant has become one of the most cultivated worldwide, due to the multiple properties it possesses, such as: symbiotic fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, it is an oleaginous plant and the protein content of the seeds is very high. Therefore, due to the desire to achieve quantitatively higher yields, the amount of chemical fertilizers applied either on the soil or incorporated at the time of sowing has increased, this causes soil pollution over time, which is why the decision was made to carry out this retrospective study in order to highlight in what proportions the distribution of chemical fertilizers influences the symbiotic fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by means of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and how it is possible that by cultivating this plant we can provide the preceding crop with the necessary amount of Nitrogen without carry out an additional application of chemical fertilizers, thus ensuring a healthier and more profitable crop but also a less polluted soil.
more abstractSoy, Nitrogen, Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Presentation: poster
DownloadCOMPARISON STUDY ABOUT THE RESISTANCE OF WHEAT GERMS EXPOSED AT CONTROLLED HYDRIC STRESS pag. 61-68
R. JURCUT, S. BĂTRÂNA, F. IMBREA, L BOTOSKnowing the importance of wheat culture both nationally and internationally, we decided to start a study which demonstrate the resistance of wheat germs to water stress. Water is one of the essential elements for the development of plants, it has the role of helping the plant to assimilate more easily the nutrients from the soil, necessary for the vegetation period. The premise of this experiment is based on meteorological data recorded in recent years, from which result that, from year to year, wheat crops are faced with a permanent water stress due to the lack of precipitation, snow, and improperly executed soil works. Thus, the amount of water in the soil at the time of sowing and also during development is very small, which leads to a delay or poor development of wheat germs, something that will make it difficult for the plants to withstand winter hardening.. It was discovered that the wheat germs of the Anapurna and Wintergold varieties showed the same viability even at a watering interval of 14 days, the germs watered at the interval of 28 days being less developed. Almost all the varieties went well through the frost period during the winter, except for the Antonius variety which, at the time of harvesting, showed dry plants for one third of the total harvested.
more abstractWheat, Water, Water stress, Germination
Presentation: poster
DownloadTO PROBE THE BELIEF OF ANIMATIONS & ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE DISCIPLINE OF AGRICULTURE pag. 69-75
Akankasha KATHURIA1, Laura ȘMULEAC2Information technologies has never failed to astound us in any way whether be it in field of Science, Agriculture, Arts, Film & media, Sports, education, making virtual reality possible, all we can say in almost all the field that we can name. Many incidents occurred, where IT sector maintained it expanse & it was on the top of all (for say; covid-19 pandemic period), with the help of this sector the pace of time or situation found to be normal at a times. As the old axiom says that; time is money and money is time so by this we can understand and imagine the value of time in a second. Animations & creative sector (the main part of IT Sector) played a very vital role in fulfilling this adage. As there are many state of affairs where animated videos can save time by becoming a strong source of communication. Communicating anything through visuals can make better understanding of the subject or the concept. This paper will deal out with the role of graphics & animations in the meadow of agriculture. It will show how cropping & techniques used in the agriculture can be modified or used in more effective way. Other salient terms that will throw light in this research will use & impact of Artificial Intelligence & usage of SAWBO program in terms of agricultural practicing. The results obtained from this study urge that animated imaginal or visuals are a well-received approach as a training & guiding tool in agriculture with diverse literacy levels.
more abstractAnimations, 3D Model Layout, Graphic Designs, Agriculture, Agronomist, SAWBO, AI, Data Driven Farming.
Presentation: poster
DownloadNON-INVASIVE ANTHOCYANIN INVESTIGATION ON SOME PLANT SPECIES FROM URBAN HABITATS pag. 76-81
Alexandra-Samira LĂPĂDAT, Victor-Dimitrie DRĂGUCIAN, Daniela-Georgiana CIOBANU, Nicoleta IANOVICI, Adina-Daniela DATCUThis study purpose is to present data from an experiment realized in the city of Timisoara, during 2022. There were two investigated zones: urban and urban green and the studied species were Acer negundo, Acer platanoides, Liquidambar styraciflua and Cotinus coggygria. In the city of Timisoara, these species are quite commonly met on the boulevards or in parks. The investigated parameter was anthocyanin content. This parameter was analyzed using a non-invasive approach, OPTI-SCICENCES ACM-200 Plus Anthocyanin Content Meter and the results were presented in ACI. Data analysis was realized using Microsoft Office Excel 2016 and statistical processing was realized with PAST software v4.03. A total of 480 anthocyanins content samples were taken from all the species researched. In the end, each of the species researched (Acer negundo, Acer platanoides, Cotinus coggygria and Liquidambar styraciflua) had a total of 120 samples that were collected from both the Urban and Urban green zones. Readings were taken from multiple types of leaves, from both studied areas. The anthocyanin levels are the ones responsible for the red coloration of the plant tissue. Usually, a high level of anthocyanin accumulated in the leaf is a good indicator that the plant is under some environmental stress such as strong light, low temperature, certain herbicides, and pollutants and many more. If the leaves don’t present any kind of red coloration on them then the anthocyanin levels are between normal parameters, and we can say that the plant isn’t under any kind of environmental stress. From the collected data, it was observed that only in the urban green zone the distribution is normal, when compared to the urban zone, where the levels of anthocyanin are below average. In conclusion, it can be said that the anthocyanin content found in the leaves is influenced by the environment where the species is located, having lower levels in the urban area compared to the urban green one.
more abstracturban area, anthocyanin content, urban green, physiological responses
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE EFFECT OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON APRICOT GROWTH AND FRUIT BEARING pag. 82-86
V. MĂRĂZAN, Ionela BOLDIZSAR, Alexandra REGHIŞ, Codruţa CHIŞ, Hortensia RĂDULESCUThe current study will present the effect of the main weather conditions on the growth and fruit bearing in apricot tree. Within this framework, an analysis is made into the geographical distribution of the main characteristics of the temperatures, precipitation as well as insolation during the spring season with the respect to the flower-cladding and the effect of low April temperatures upon fruit bearing. Considering the fact that the study of the peculiarities of each variety of apricot is a complex process and due to the bioclimatic conditions, that must be met in order to have both a qualitative as well as a quantitative culture, the meteorological characteristics play an important role in the growth and fruiting of the apricot. The purpose of this article is to analyse the agrometeorological characteristics of the fruit bearing seasons for the western part of Romania. By analysing both the synoptic and the agrometeorological indices, a framework can be established in order to present a pertinent study in the field of agrometeorology with high regard on apricot growth and fruit bearing. The analysis of severe weather events associated with early to late spring solar radiation is also presented in this paper because of the negative effects of hail and it is included in the final framework of this study.
more abstractagrometeorology, climatology, agriculture, fruit bearing, western Romania
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE RAINFALL REGIME IN THE MUREŞ AND BANAT PLAINS IN THE TIMESCALE 1950 – 2020 AND THEIR ASSOCIATED RELATIONSHIP TO AGRICULTURE pag. 87-92
V. MĂRĂZAN, Ionela BOLDIZSAR, Alexandra REGHIŞ, Laura ŞMULEAC, Antoanela COZMA,The present study aims to present the atmospheric precipitation regime for the western part of Romania, mainly the area located in the Mureş and Banat plains. Relying on the amounts of water gauged at the weather stations and substations located in the fork plain lying between the White Criş and the Danube valleys and which were intermittently operational during the period from 1950 to 2020, a study regarding the areal distribution and time variation of the main parameters of rainfall has been made. A display is made of the main characteristic features of the annual mass curve, the rainfall periodicity and randomness, the maximum rainfall in 24, 48 and 72 hours and the snow cover. The data reduction and validation were done by keeping a close eye on the specific weather phenomena and by analysing the synoptic situation for the most important weather events. The characteristic parameters of the pluviometric regime in the Mures and Banat Plains, which were analysed in this paper, can constitute basic materials for the design of hydro-ameliorative systems, for the construction of irrigation systems or to combat excess moisture, all of which are an important component of the development agriculture in the western part of Romania.
more abstractrainfall, synoptic scale, agriculture, climatology, western Romania
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON NUTRIENTS SUPPLY IN SOIL ON CORN CROP AT THE EZARENI FARM, IASI COUNTY pag. 93-100
G. D. MIHU, Ana URSU*, Manuela FILIP, D. ȚOPA, G. JITĂREANUThe level and quality of crop production is determined to a great extent by the soil fertility. The level of supply with nutrients depends on many factors, but the most important element is the tillage system. In order to study the impact of soil tillage on nutrients content, research was carried out on the Ezareni farm, where conventional (CT) and no-tillage (NT) systems were observed. The soil of the investigated plots is cambic chernozem with a specific clay-loamy texture. The soil cores for analysis of macronutrients (N, P, K), soil reaction (pH) and humus content (H%) were taken from the 0 – 40 cm soil layer, from the corn crop. The results revealed a higher content of the main mineral nutrients at the soil surface and a significant decrease in deeper layers in no-tillage compared to a slight decrease with depth in the conventional system. Soil reaction (pH) values were between slightly acid to neutral, with a minimum of 6.2 in NT and a maximum value of 7.2 in CT. Humus content analysis showed a variation from 3.46 % to 0.73 % with the highest percentage in the topsoil in NT and in deeper layers in CT. In the no-tillage system, the macronutrients supply status is higher at the soil surface due to undisturbed microbiological activity of plant residues decomposing. In CT, ploughing determines a uniform distribution of nutrients content throughout the depth, but incorporation of plant residues causes humus to disperse into deeper soil layers. For the maintenance and permanent improvement of soil fertility, researchers are looking for the most suitable tillage system correlated with the physical properties. Therefore, the present paper aimed to highlight the impact of no-tillage system and conventional system on soil chemical properties.
more abstracttillage systems, macronutrients, humus content, soil reaction
Presentation: poster
DownloadIDENTIFICATION AND PHYSICAL-GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GRASSLANDS IN THE RETEZAT MOUNTAINS, THROUGH GEOMATIC TECHNIQUES AND MEANS pag. 101-109
Monica Sfîrcoci, Loredana Copăcean, Mihai Simon, Luminiţa CojocariuGrasslands, as components of the land fund, can be considered some of the most important natural resources of rural areas, especially in mountain regions focused on subsistence agriculture. The spatial distribution of grasslands is conditioned by the physical-geographical factors, especially the relief, by altitude and the slope of the land. The identification and characterization of grassland areas in the Retezat Mountains, the purpose of the research presented in this paper, was made according to the Corine Land Cover database, 2018 edition. After the identification and location of the grasslands, the second stage of the research consisted in representing them according to the altitude of the study area. For this altitudinal gradient analysis, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was used with a spatial resolution of 25 m. In the next step, the grasslands of the area of interest were represented and classified according to the slope of the land, using the slope map generated from the DEM. ArcGIS 10.4 software was used for the analysis and cartographic representation of geospatial data (grassland surfaces, raster maps and other auxiliary vector data). The results obtained in this study demonstrated that the grasslands are well represented in the structure of the land fund of the Retezat Mountains and are unevenly distributed on the predetermined altitudinal levels. Depending on the established slope classes, considering the mountainous nature of the study area, grasslands were identified in variable conditions, in different proportions, on all slope intervals
more abstractgrasslands, mountain area, altitudinal gradient, land slope
Presentation: poster
DownloadCLIMATIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL AREA FROM THE MĂRCULEȘTI AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH-DEVELOPMENT STATION pag. 110-116
Raluca Ioana PASCU, Simona SPINU, Alina ORTANMărculești Agricultural Research-Development Station is located in the south-east of the country, in the center of the Baragan plain; Throughout the years, it has developed and perfected the cultivation technologies for cereals, technical plants and fodder, in the pedoclimatic conditions of the area. According to Köppen climatic classification, Bărăgan region is part of the BSax province, the mean value for annual temperature is 10,9°C and the mean annual value for precipitation is 480 mm. Fertile soils of chernozem type with a relatively good supply of nutrients are characteristic of this region. The present paper presents the climatic evolution in the South-eastern part of Bărăgan, based on comparison of the values of temperature and precipitation measured at the location during 2017-2022 with the multiannual mean values of these parameters. The results of the data analysis showed an increase in temperature and a decrease in precipitation, which are most likely to have negative effects on yields. Precipitations are of great importance for the autumn cultures because they provide the quick and uniform growing of the plants, and they ensure the accumulation of moisture in the soil during the winter season. Considering the obtained results, the following recommendations can be made: changes of the agricultural technology used for the main cultures in Bărăgan - autumn cereals, rape, maize and sunflower, early spring sowing, and the choice of hybrids cultivars with a medium vegetation period.
more abstractclimatic characterization, temperature, precipitations
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES ON WATER QUALITY IN OBREJA COMMUNE, CARAŞ-SEVERIN COUNTY pag. 117-123
Elena STOICHESCU (CÎRCU), Laura ȘMULEAC, Cristina TULBUREWater is an essential element for life on earth and measures to prevent pollution must be a priority. Sources of pollution can be systematized or unsystematized that produce pollution through the uncontrolled introduction of substances into the waters: seasonal sources without sewage; discarded waste without proper storage; pesticides, fertilizers from agriculture. In this paper, the impact of agriculture in Obreja and the neighboring communes is investigated, given that the basic occupation of the inhabitants was and remains agriculture and animal husbandry. In order to determine the water quality in the Obreja commune area, the following harvesting points have been established: 1 Bistra River, 2. Obreja Fountain, 3. Obreja Basin, 4. Iaz Basin and 5. Basin Var. Indicators followed in this paper are: pH, Oxidation, Ammonium, Nitrates, Nitrites, Iron, Chlorine, Total hardness, Number of Coliform Bacteria, Calcium and Magnesium content. 10 water samples were analyzed, collected from 3 localities: Obreja, Iaz and Var in the period 2020-2021. The results obtained by analyzing the water samples in the laboratory revealed that: the nutrient content include water within the second class of quality for the Bistra River, which is due to the agricultural activities in the area; in most areas of collecting the maximum accepted iron limit is exceeded; at some collecting points there are increases above the maximum permissible hardness limit; all the microbiological indicators analyzed were within the limits established by law.
more abstractwater quality, agriculture impact, pH, oxygen regime, nutrient regime
Presentation: poster
DownloadSTUDIES ON THE CLEANING SYSTEM OF SELF-PROPELLED CEREAL HARVESTER COMBINES pag. 124-129
Ramona, TRUȘCĂ (POPA), Marazan Vlad, Antoanela Cozma, Anisoara Duma-Copcea, Casiana MihutThe aim of the paper is a better organization of mechanical work in agriculture, taking into account the following aspects: selection and using the methods and the optimal work procedures which ensures obtaining the production quantities with minimal expenses. The second aspect, is the assembly of all works and operations within the cycle of agricultural production in such succession and correlation to be able to ensure optimization of the production processes. Due to the appearance of agricultural machines with superior technology the possibility of increasing agricultural production was created and reducing its cost. A primary objective of modern agriculture is the intensive development of agricultural production, as an essential condition for obtaining the highest possible productions per surface unit and with the lowest possible expenses per product unit. Experimental studies on grain harvesting combines were carried out under working conditions, during wheat harvesting, on a number of 3 self-propelled combines, from a harvested formation on the territory of Moșnița. The three types of combines harvester for which measurements and determinations were made, was: 1. CLAAS-98SL MAXI combine: engine-160 CP/2100 rot/min, working width 5 meters; 2. MDW-525 STS combine: engine-268 CP/2170 rot/min, working width 7 meters; 3. John Deere-Hydro 4-1174 S combine : engine150 CP/2100 rot/min, working width 7 meters. The three combines harvested in the same formation under identical working conditions, having identical technological settings. The mechanism operation of the connecting rod-crank type sieves gives them a plane-parallel motion.
more abstractself-propelled combines, cleaning system, technological settings, optimal work
Presentation: poster
DownloadTECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CROPS FROM THE FARM “I.I. MARINCU RĂZVAN” IN THE VILLAGE OF ICLODA, COMMUNE OF SACOȘU TURCESC, TIMIȘ COUNTY, ROMANIA pag. 130-135
Trușcă (Popa) Ramona, Scedei Daniela, Duma Copcea Anișoara, Mihuț CasianaIn order to set up a successful rapeseed culture, farmers should take into account, since the preparation of the germination bed, some essential technological elements that make the difference most often between a successful culture and one that has not survived. Of these specific elements, we need to mention crop rotation, land preparation, sowing, fertilising, and rolling. The study was carried out at the farm “I.I. Marincu Răzvan” on an area of 100 ha in the village of Icloda, commune of Sacoșu Turcesc, Timiș County, Romania. In 2021-2022, four cultures were set up: rapeseed, wheat, sunflower, and maize. Rapeseed was cultivated on an area of 17 ha using as working technology ploughing, discing, drilling, and sowing. The purpose was to obtain a good plant emergence and a good harvest. In order to obtain a good production, the seed used to set up rapeseed cultures should be certified, with a physical purity of at least 98% and a germination of more than 85%. All the seed used for this purpose should be treated with both fungicides and insecticides. It is necessary to take into account the deviations that appear in some years compared to the multiannual mean both in terms of temperature and rainfall, but especially compared to their distribution during vegetation periods. These deviations can be corrected by appropriate cultivation technology measures.
more abstracttechnological characterization, rapeseed, wheat, sunflower, and maize
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DownloadORGANIC AGRICULTURE, BIODYNAMIC AGRICULTURE, QUANTUM AGRICULTURE AND PERMACULTURE - DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES pag. 136-143
L. TURALIJA1, J. PERKOVIĆ1, Alka TURALIJA1The world is now turning more and more to ecological, sustainable agriculture, and methods of agricultural production are turning to principles that were in the past, but which are still considered alternatives in most countries of the world. Ecological agriculture realized by methods of biodynamic agriculture, permaculture and quantum agriculture with the use of alternative sources of energy and the preservation of the environment and landscape in general, is becoming a growing need today. The European Commission, following the recommendation of world organizations, prescribed a series of recommendations and developed a series of strategies for each member state, which should reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by 2030 by at least 55%. Significant changes within agricultural production have become a necessary need for sustainable agriculture. The beginnings of different methods of soil cultivation, utilization and recycling (purification) of municipal water, as well as rainwater collection, are just some of the acceptable methods. The appearance of the principles of ecological agriculture, permaculture and quantum agriculture are therefore increasingly becoming the basis of interest and scientific study. The interaction of other sciences within agriculture and food growing is already known, but quantum physics with its laws are increasingly being tried to be implemented in direct methods of agricultural production. What are the differences and what are similarities and how scientists interpret the possible future scenario of sustainable agriculture, as well as the historical development of the mentioned principles and methods, are the topics of this paper. Through a short survey on the knowledge of the term quantum agriculture, more than 70% of respondents of the target group of agronomists and farmers have not encountered this term and do not know the principles of quantum agriculture.
more abstractquantum, the future of agriculture, concepts, digitization
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DownloadA PROPOSAL FOR DEVELOPING ECO-HOLISTIC COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN STUDENTS AT A LIFE SCIENCE UNIVERSITY pag. 144-148
Urlica Alina-Andreea, Iosim Iasmina, Durau Carmen, Lungu Marius RobertThe present paper puts forth a proposal for developing an ecological and holistic outlook for the language courses delivered to students in a University of Life sciences and natural sciences, by engaging with current research in an interdisciplinary manner. From an eco-holistic perspective, an expanded educational paradigm should include systems thinking, a holistic outlook across a range of topics of interest to students of languages for specific purposes (English for Life Sciences), as well as an understanding of complexity and the interrelatedness of phenomena. Such a project should target ethical self-development and ecological value-system development, which should not be limited to the training of skills for the employment market. As the global value systems are showing signs of crisis, we have to strive for a holistic repositioning of values, as well as for a restorative, healing cultural framework. We cannot hope to achieve a healthy society unless we include the development of interpersonal skills, sane communicative abilities, co-adaptive participation, and coherent management of one’s worldview. Our main aim as educators is to help students create a sustainable world by partnering with and learning from natural systems, which would be mutually beneficial. Thereby, the scope of truly holistic education must include the need to raise awareness of ecosystems which support life in communicative interrelatedness.
more abstractcommunication skills, English for Life Sciences, ecology, sustainable holistic education.
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DownloadINVASIVE INSECT SPECIES ON WOODY ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN LIFE SCIENCE UNIVERSITY PARK (TIMIȘOARA: TIMIȘ COUNTY) – CURRENT STATUS pag. 149-158
Ana – Maria VÎRTEIU1*, Diana Ionela JIOGOLEA2, A. PISTOL2, Ana – Maria SEIBERT3, Ioana GROZEA1Habitat loss and fragmentation are among the most well-known causes of biodiversity loss, non-native organisms for an ecosystem will/can develop invasive behavior that causes significant damage to other ecosystems by competing with native species. These invasive species have been recognized as one of the major factors in the decline of biodiversity. The location of the investigated area near the crossing points of the Western border (both with Hungary and with Serbia), which represented not a few times the "main entrance gate" of numerous insect species, motivated us to study the area of Timisoara in an attempt to create an annotated check - list of insect species,; this paper being an extract from a larger research that was carried out in the green landscaping of the Timișoara metropolitan area. The biological material was collected by usual methods from woody ornamental plants in the USVT Park. The research carried out in 2021 in the USVT Park revealed the presence of 14 species of insects. Most of the species, 7 in number, belonged to Hemiptera order, families: Membracidae, Flatidae, Cicadellidae, Tingidae, Pentatomidae, Aphididae, but the qualitative/aesthetic damage to the ornamental trees was caused by insects from Lepidoptera order, through the larvae of the 4 species: Cameraria ohridella, Parectopa robiniella, Phyllonorycter populifolia, Cydalima perspectalis. Out of the total of 14 invasive species, 4 are highlighted as very abundant and producing mass attacks on various species of ornamental trees.
more abstractinsects, woody species, ornamental plants, University of Life Science Timișoara
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DownloadSTUDIES ON THE GERMINATION OF MAIZE SEEDS TREATED WITH AQUEOUS EXTRACTS BASED ON SORGHUM HALEPENSE. pag. 159-167
Laura VORNICU1, Maria Georgiana OPRIȘIU1, Antonia Claudia HERȚEG1, A. CĂRĂBEȚ1, Otilia COTUNA1,2, Ramona ȘTEF1Sorghum halepense is an invasive weed with a high capacity to compete with both plants in agroecosystems and those present in ecosystems, often becoming dominant. This species manages to be present on extensive surfaces due to its high reproductive capacity, but also to the content of allelochemical substances, which inhibit the germination and growth of cultivated plants and those of the segetal flora. The present study aimed to evaluate Sorghum halepense extracts on maize seed germination. The influence of Sorghum halepense extracts on the germination of corn plants was tested at the "King Mihai I" University of Life Sciences in Timișoara, in the Phytosanitary Protection and Expertise laboratory, in 2021. Treatments included T1 control (distilled water); T2: aqueous extract of fresh Sorghum halepense 5%; T3: aqueous extract of fresh Sorghum halepense 15%; T4: aqueous extract of fresh Sorghum halepense 25%; T5: aqueous extract of dry Sorghum halepense 5%; T6: aqueous extract of dried Sorghum halepense 15%; T7: aqueous extract of dried Sorghum halepense 25%. After applying the treatments, the following were determined: germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), germination speed (GS) and coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG). EASF and EASD extracts, regardless of the concentration used, managed to exert a negative influence towards all parameters studied, namely: germination percentage, germination index, germination speed and germination speed coefficient. The study carried out allowed us to observe that the influence of the extracts towards corn plants, although negative, their impact is different, depending on the formulation of the plant material and the concentration used.
more abstractSorghum halepense, aqueous extract, germination, maize
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DownloadANALYSIS OF THE SUITABILITY OF SCDA LOVRIN AREA FOR THE CULTIVATION OF HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS L pag. 168-173
Cristina_Magdalena OSICEANU1,Ilinca Merima IMBREA*2, Georgeta POPHyssop is not a demanding crop with regard to the soil, but, being cultivated on relatively small areas and in a sustainable or ecological system, it is recommended that it be cultivated on soils rich in nutrients and clean of weeds. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of the area where the Lovrin Agricultural Development Research Station is located for the hyssop crop.The Lovrin Agricultural Research and Development Station is based in Lovrin township, Timiș county, the settlement being representative from a pedoclimatic and traditional point of view for the area served. The research method was the analysis of climate data recorded at the Meteorological Station in Lovrin in relation to the requirements according to the vegetative stage of development of hyssop plants. From the point of view of the soil, the territory of the resort is located in the forest-steppe area, with a high hydrostatic level of the water table and differentiated parental rocks, which determined a very varied pedological background. The results obtained from this study highlighted the readiness of the soil on which the resort is located for the cultivation of medicinal plants, The area under analysis from the point of view of soil fertility and climatic conditions, with all the deviations observed during the three years analyzed, offers favorable climatic conditions for the hyssop culture. However, the growers of medicinal plants in the area must adapt cultivation technologies, adapting certain elements of culture in order to mitigate the negative effects produced by these disturbances
more abstractMedicinal plants, hyssop, experimental factors, SCDA Lovrin
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DownloadSTUDIES ON GREEN MASS PRODUCTION AT HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS L pag. 174-180
Cristina_Magdalena OSICEANU1,Ilinca Merima IMBREA*2, Georgeta POP1The use of medicinal plants for various purposes has been practiced for centuries throughout the world. Among them is hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), which although known since antiquity and mentioned in biblical writings, due to its multiple health benefits passed down from generation to generation as a carminative, tonic, antiseptic, expectorant and cough reliever, is present in the attention of researchers around the world. Hyssop being a plant from which herb is harvested, the objective of the research was how elements that contribute to the production of herb are influenced by the growing conditions, the color variety of hyssop and the year of vegetation. The researches were carried out on the three color varieties, namely: pink-flowered hyssop, blue-flowered hyssop and white-flowered hyssop, existing in the collection of the Phytotechnics discipline within the Faculty of Agriculture of the "King Mihai I" University of Life Sciences in Timișoara, originating from three years of cultivation. The observations were carried out in the flowering phase of the hyssop plants, recommended by the specialized literature. The experience was carried out within SCDA Lovrin, the field of medicinal plants, located on a cambic chernoziom type soil, weakly glazed.In the three experimental years, the production of green mass/plant has an upward trend, regardless of the color variety. The highest value of green mass production/plant. it is obtained at v3 (white-flowered hyssop), and the lowest at v2 (blue-flowered hyssop). It should be noted that, in hyssop with pink and white flowers, the production of green mass/plant has close values. Comparing the years of cultivation, it can be deduced that the highest amount of green mass/plant was obtained in the 3rd year of production, and the lowest in the 1st year of cultivation.
more abstractMedicinal plants, hyssop, herb, experimental factors
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DownloadINVESTIGATIONS ON INSERTION HEIGHT AND TILLING LENGTH IN AN ASSORTMENT OF SWEET CORN HYBRIDS pag. 181-187
Claudia Ramona AVRAM,Florinel IMBREAThe demand for sweet corn is increasing from year to year both worldwide and in our country. On the other hand, this crop can represent a source of income for farmers who own small areas of land. In addition, thanks to the relatively short period of vegetation, it can be cultivated in areas where the de-springing occurs earlier, so that the crop can benefit from the moisture accumulated in the soil from the cold season and the precipitations from the spring, avoiding periods of atmospheric drought and in the soil, increasingly common in recent years starting in July and August. The research focused on the behavior of an assortment of 11 sweet corn hybrids sold on the market in our country, from different precocity groups, in terms of cob insertion height and cob length, in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Ramna area, Caraș Severin county. The area where the research was carried out is characterized by an early spring, the minimum germination temperature of 10 0C, occurring in the first days of April. With reference to the cob insertion height, hybrid 2- Spirit F1 and hybrid 5- Starshine F1- class I, with cob insertion at a height of approximately 50 cm, are inferior to the other hybrids taken in the studio, and hybrid 9-Driver F1, with the insertion value of the 60 cm cob - class A, is clearly superior to all the hybrids studied. The highest cob length value – about 24 cm, was obtained at a10 [Accentuate F1 ] and a9 [Driver F1] – class A, which differs significantly from other hybrids. The lowest value of about 18 cm was obtained at a8 [Landmark F1] and a4 [Tyson F1] – class E, a value that differs significantly from the other hybrids.
more abstractsweet corn, production, climatic conditions, mineral fertilization
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DownloadANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS DR-12 - INVESTMENTS IN STRENGTHENING THE HOLDINGS OF YOUNG ESTABLISHED FARMERS AND RECENTLY ESTABLISHED FARMERS pag. 188-195
Cristian Iliuță GĂINĂ, Florin IMBREAThis statement is addressed to stakeholders involved in the financial planning and management of the state's programs, particularly those overseeing the financial year 2023-2027. This includes government officials, policymakers, budgetary committees, and program managers responsible for allocating resources and ensuring the success of social and economic initiatives. In the financial year 2023-2027, a significant shift has occurred in the state's commitment to supporting various programs. The state contribution has increased from 15% to 25%, signaling a consistent and intensified financial effort. However, this financial commitment should not be merely a numerical adjustment. It should be underpinned by a clear and transparent presentation of how these resources will be allocated across selected projects. Performance planning takes on a heightened significance in this context. It's not enough to allocate funds; it's crucial to ensure that these resources are used efficiently and effectively. To achieve this, performance metrics must be meticulously defined, monitored, and evaluated. Moreover, these metrics should be aligned with the goals and objectives of the state's financial commitments. In essence, the performance of projects should be assessed not just in terms of outputs but also from the perspective of how they contribute to the financing source. Another core principle guiding the state's approach is the sustainability of the social economy. This principle extends beyond the simple hiring of the workforce from vulnerable groups. It also involves a more comprehensive strategy, such as the state purchasing or taking over a set quantity of products at a basic rate. This move serves a dual purpose: Economic Sustainability: By purchasing products from social economy enterprises at a basic rate, the state supports the growth and stability of these businesses. This approach helps create a sustainable ecosystem where vulnerable groups find meaningful employment opportunities, contributing to their economic well-being. Provision of Essential Services: The state's purchase of products can be tied to the provision of packages of food for beneficiaries. This not only fulfills a critical social need but also aligns with the state's broader commitment to social welfare. It ensures that the state's financial effort isn't just an abstract allocation of funds but directly translates into tangible benefits for those in need.
more abstractperformance, farm consolidation, strategic value, indicator, market, farmers
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DownloadTHE CONCEPT OF PERFORMANCE THROUGH THE NATIONAL STRATEGIC PROGRAM 2023-2027 pag. 196-201
Cristian Iliuta GĂINA, Florin IMBREAThe expression of human needs is an intricate dance intricately tied to the resources we utilize. At its core, food exemplifies this dynamic relationship. It is more than just sustenance; it's a complex mixture of elements essential for the nourishment and well-being of the human body. However, it's also a medium through which we convey profound values and principles. Food isn't merely fuel for our bodies; it embodies our commitment to health, durability, sustainability, and rational approaches to life. It serves as an environmental marker, reflecting our choices and impact on the planet. In essence, it encapsulates a broader philosophy—one that extends far beyond the plate. In the realm of economics, the market assigns value primarily through price. However, this pricing mechanism doesn't always capture the full extent of an item's worth. In the case of food, its true value extends beyond mere monetary cost; it encompasses nutritional content, ethical production methods, and environmental onea. One of the most crucial factors influencing how we perceive and express value is education. Education molds our values and guides our decision-making processes. It imparts an understanding of the multifaceted aspects of value, making us conscious consumers who consider not only price but also the broader implications of our choices. While money is a powerful tool for facilitating transactions, it doesn't inherently define the value of goods and services. Instead, it can either mystify or simplify the real value inherent in products. In essence, money serves as a common denominator, breaking down complex value into a universally understandable unit. This reduction is akin to dissecting a recipe to identify a single ingredient, often the most accessible or recognizable one.
more abstractperformance, resources, strategic value, indicator, market
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DownloadNATIONAL STRATEGIC PROGRAM: INTEGRATOR OF DEVELOPMENT OR FINANCING MECHANISM pag. 202-209
Cristian Iliuță GĂINĂ, Florin IMBREAThe National Strategic Program is assimilated among farmers with a financing program, through which sums of money are obtained as direct payments or investments, generally with granting conditions, based less on results or impact. This means that the attention on him is only on the requests for amounts, under the conditions that they are directed on 2 levels: one of profit compensation through direct subsidies and another of the patrimonial value, as owned capital. The PNS calculation methodology starts from the Output SO Standard, a standardized standard in the commercial value per hectare, regardless of the economic size of the farm, the region, the geographical value as well as the structure of agriculture in Romania. It is important to approach the PNS not only as a capital input but as a solution to support an entire agricultural economy, to which capital offers the power to support the value of the farmer until the market. The market means knowledge. Knowledge means value, product value, price, consumer behavior, evolution of the conditions in which food adapts to resources. Romania must use, from the position of a strategic program, this instrument as a mechanism for safety and food security at the population level, a mechanism that sustainably offers the partnership with the farmer through the integrated chain and added value food to the final consumer.
more abstractfinancing, integrator, mechanism, development, strategy, program
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