Abstract. The goal of this study was to analyse the soil and climate conditions that engendered the soil cover at Sag, Timis County, Romania. The objectives of the study were to study the soil conditions of soil genesis; the natural landscape including data regarding the lithology, hydrology, and hydrology of the area; climate data; and data regarding the soil cover with a description of the soil types and sub-types within the studied perimeter. (4) The soils in the studied area were formed and evolved through the interaction of the complex of soil and climate factors among which the most important are ground water, relief, parental rock, climate, vegetation, and human factor, while underlying the dominant influence of the water.(1) The parental material (rock) on which these soils formed are generally made up of fluvial-lacustrine deposits and remade loessoid deposits, which formed very different soils. The soils, formed, in general, under the influence of water, are hydric, such as gley soils and stagnosols, and their sub-types.(5) On loess and loessoid deposits formed deeper soils with higher fertility such as chernozems, phaeozems, and preluvisols, and on fluvio-lacustrine materials formed eutricambosols. In areas located in the near vicinity of the River Timis, alluvial soils formed. On plane lands near watercourses with different granulometric structure there are luvisols and on clogged lands whose structure is medium fine and in the presence of 1.2-1.5 m deep ground water, gley soils and gley chernozems appeared. These soils are more or less drained and evolve towards the area type. (2,6) In the same areas, loam levigation produced stagnic and gley phaeozems. As for mean annual temperatures, they range within 10.2-10.6◦C. In time, temperatures varied non-periodically, depending on air mass frequency and intensity. Rainfalls also had an uneven distribution per years and months. The highest values were in May and June, and the lowest ones were in January, March, and September.(3,7)

Keywords: soil and climate conditions, soil type, soil genesis and evolution

sciences soil

Presentation: poster